which of the following best explains diffusion?

Most lettuce is produced, processed, and packaged for sale in supermarkets that are a significant distance from where the product was grown. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? The plasma membrane (see figure below) is made of a double layer of special lipids, known as phospholipids. (Show the details. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultu. Therefore, muscle cells have numerous: Which statement regarding the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is false? The material that diffuses could be a solid, liquid or gas. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between wheat and its early hearth of domestication? What transport process can create a concentration gradient for sodium across the plasma membrane? Even though this is random non-directed movement, with a large bulk, it can create a scenario where there is no net movement of gas from the container. The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is ________. (2009). Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. In this experiment, the food coloring that gets added is the same temperature in each of the hot and cold water tests. (a) Osmosis UEE Main-2020 (Septeimbern) (c) Diffusion (b) Reverse osmosis (d) Dialysis 26. The English language became a widely spoken language in North America in the twentieth century. Question 16 30 seconds Q. molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP. Direct link to Zaeen Iqbal's post i dont quite understand t, Posted 7 years ago. Obviously, the cell could not survive in such an environment. how does the carrier protein "harness" energy from another molecules concentration gradient? Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. Describe flow of solvent molecules across a membrane. Free Flashcards about AP human practice Primary and secondary active transport. This process takes place in the following steps: To begin, the pump is open to the inside of the cell. C. The SER manufactures proteins for export from the cell. It s an accident, and I got a piece of land cheaply. Overall, there are more positive charges on the outside of the membrane than on the inside. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. For best results enter two or more search terms. Through a process of passive diffusion, without the active involvement of any other molecule oxygen passes through the capillary membrane and enters cells. Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse. In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. If there was a coolant near the mouth of a crucible heating iodine how would that affect its rate of diffusion? Red blood cells behave the same way (see figure below). When red blood cells are in a hypertonic (higher concentration) solution, water flows out of the cell faster than it comes in. One of the main characteristics of diffusion is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. Stirring increases the area of interaction between the two chemicals and allows these molecules to diffuse towards each other more quickly. This page titled 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation. The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. When they move in the same direction, the protein that transports them is called a. gradient? It will bind two of them, and this triggers removal of the phosphate group attached to the pump in step 2. Solution A and solution B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. How To Use Patchouli Oil For Erectile Dysfunction? Actually, Sodium does go down its gradient but through specialized Sodium channels. In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. Simple diffusion and passive transport (article) | Khan Academy Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products? Cells utilize oxygen in the mitochondria for aerobic respiration, which generates carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct. ", Biologydictionary.net Editors. This example also shows that the diffusion of any one material is independent of the diffusion of any other substances. QUESTION 28 Which of the following best explains the role of transcription in a cell? Direct link to Srichchha Pradhan's post There are certainly more , Posted 6 years ago. Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article C. peroxisome There are certainly more numbers of potassium ions in the cells, but remember that there are greater numbers of sodium ions outside the cell (since for every three sodium ions moved out of the cells, two potassium ions enter the cell), therefore, resulting in a net positive charge outside the cell and net negative charge inside the cell. Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries. Allison Soult, Ph.D. (Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky). This allows red blood cells to carry oxygen all over your body. That is because the molecules from the food odor havent diffused into that space yet. Learn more about how this experiment is based in NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas. In other words, plasma . Fish cells, like all cells, have semipermeable membranes. Which Of The Following Best Explains Diffusion Quizlet? Based on the different types of land use shown in the image, which of the following best explains why soil salinization is a concern in the arid landscape shown? Facilitated diffusion is powered entirely by GTP hydrolysis B. Because of the increased capital investment required to produce new crop varieties using technology that was pioneered in more developed countries, there was an increase in wealth disparity in many farming communities in less developed countries. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. For instance, a gas diffuses very quickly in another gas. Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion? His feet and legs were swollen with fluid. The term cytoplasm refers to the cytosol and all of the organelles, the specialized compartments of the cell. (2005). If the outside environment of a cell is water-based, and the inside of the cell is also mostly water, something has to make sure the cell stays intact in this environment. Because of the difference in sodium concentration (between the inside and outside of the cell) and due to the electrical potential difference (between the inside and outside of the cell), the SGLT is able to perform its function. After addition of 1.00mL1.00 \mathrm{~mL}1.00mL of 2.00102M2.00 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}2.00102M NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl, the potential changed to 0.1846V-0.1846 \mathrm{~V}0.1846V. Calculate the Na+\mathrm{Na}^{+}Na+concentration of the original solution. Between 1950 and 1990, wheat production in India in average pounds per acre more than tripled, which allowed India to meet its populations need for food. Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory? Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the cytoskeleton? In this form, the pump really likes to bind (has a high affinity for) sodium ions, and will take up three of them. The cotransporter accomplishes this by physically coupling the transport of glucose to the movement of sodium ions down their concentration gradient. Why Do Giant Pandas Have Low Libido? C. rough endoplasmic reticulum Can you find a safe way to heat or cool the food coloring before adding it to the water? Which of the following best explains diffusion? Which of the following explains an economic benefit of cattle production using feedlots rather than grass pastures? In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter. Similarly, if a canister of liquid nitrogen leaks a little, nitrogen gas that escapes would quickly diffuse into the atmosphere. While science experiments at home are exciting ways to learn about science hands-on, please note that some may require participants to take extra safety precautions and/or make a mess. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, then predict what will happen to the cell. O To edit the mRNA strand and make it ready to leave the nucleus. The kinetic energy of the molecules results in random motion, causing diffusion. The cell membrane allows the cell to stay structurally intact in its water-based environment. Minerals For Erectile Dysfunction - Camping Estanyet Diffusion is a physical process that refers to the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration. Which of the following correctly compares the significance of the different technologies shown in the images? On the other hand, facilitated diffusion, as the term indicates, requires the presence of another molecule (the facilitator) in order for diffusion to occur. Which of these statements is NOT true? The long-lot system results in population clustered along a waterway, whereas the metes-and-bounds system results in a random, dispersed population pattern. Although one of these refers to chemical properties and the latter social interaction, both are examples or diffusion. Then tap the card to flip it. Facilitated diffusion is necessary for the movement of large or polar molecules across the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient". Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel with its concentration gradient. yes, dimensions also play a role in the case of transport. How, exactly, does the sodium-potassium pump establish a voltage across the membrane? Epinephrine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose. At this balance point, the inside of the membrane is negative relative to the outside. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. In the South Asian country of Sri Lanka, tea is farmed as a monoculture. Make sure to remember your password. C. Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid. The image is a simple representation of the diffusion of one particle in another medium. The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. Pour all of the water down the sink, and wash out the glasses. A. This apparent slowing down is due to the fact that, over time, the larger container begins to have enough iodine gas that some of it will be moving backwards towards the crucible. Active transport works by using a phosphate group from ATP to change the shape of the protein and thus do work. Biologydictionary.net Editors. Channels are very selective and will accept only one type of molecule (or a few closely related molecules) for transport. And sodium is highly concentrated outside of the cell, so that's where it goes during active transport considering it is low to high concentration. Examples of molecules that can easily diffuse across the plasma membrane include carbon dioxide and oxygen gas. What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? As a simple example, a few crystals of sugar in a glass of water will slowly dissolve over time. Direct link to Yago's post Why can't the Sodium move, Posted 4 years ago. Which of the following explains the prevalence of banana plantations in Central America? The cytoplasm does not include the nucleus. & y_2^{\prime}=12 y_1 \\ Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. It is an important process occurring in all living beings. Concentric rings of different agricultural activities surrounding a city in the midwestern United States. This makes it easier for the dye to get mixed throughout the hot water. Diffusion is the movement when molecules move from higher concentrated area to lower concentrated area. Your cells have a plasma membrane that helps to guard your cells from unwanted intruders. Diagram of a sodium-glucose cotransporter, which uses the energy stored in a sodium ion gradient to transport glucose "uphill" against its gradient. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. 3.5 Passive Transport - Concepts of Biology - 1st Canadian Edition By the time blood flows into capillaries in the muscle or liver, for instance, there is only a single layer of cells separating this oxygen from hepatocytes or skeletal muscle fibers. Diffusion Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster C. Diffusion provides ciphertext heterogeneity, while confusion provides algorithm This problem has been solved! Because diffusion happens from high concentration to low concentration, the more molecules are moving, the more opportunities they have to mix together. Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? Animal cells tend to do best in an isotonic environment, where the flow of water in and out of the cell is occurring at equal rates. In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. The food coloring mixes through the hot water faster than it mixes with the cold water. The concentration of sodium ions is lower inside the cell than in the extracellular fluid, while the reverse is true for potassium ions. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. ; Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases when their particles collide randomly and . A not very well-studied A&P student heard about a phenomenon called water intoxication and thought it sounded fun so she decided to try it. a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW, Find a real general solution of the following systems. One phosphate group from ATP is attached to the pump, which is then said to be phosphorylated. Na+ Ions move easily through water, which is polar, but cannot pass directly through the lipid (nonpolar) part of the cell membrane. Requested URL: byjus.com/biology/diffusion/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36 Edg/103.0.1264.62. \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{W}_{\text {cycle }}=250 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=200 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { c. } \dot{W}_{\text {cycle }}=350 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=150 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { d. } \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=200 \mathrm{kW}}\end{array} Which of the following best explains the significance of a similarity among locations where olives, figs, grapes and lemons are grown? 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion - Chemistry LibreTexts Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. fats and proteins yield too much energy for the cells to process. Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post how does the antiporter p, Posted 7 years ago. Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. Diffusion. Diffusion helps in the movement of substances in and out of the cells. These channels are . Nerve cells do not have centrioles. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in a(n): The total solute concentration of a red blood cell is about 2%. The township-and-range survey system was based on a geometric grid pattern, while the long-lot system was a rectilinear pattern based upon waterways or roads. Terms of Service. At any given temperature, the diffusion of a smaller particle will be more rapid than that of a larger-sized molecule. in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. This is also seen when two liquid reactants are mixed with one another. Direct link to Stocke's post Why does the diffusion of, Posted 7 years ago. Phosphorylation makes the pump change shape, re-orienting itself so it opens towards the extracellular space. For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. What do you predict will happen to the person's cells? The mixture of a solute in a solvent is called a solution. Even in large industrial reactions, when two liquids are mixed together, diffusion brings the reactants together and allows the reaction to proceed smoothly. Grocery stores sell oranges that are grown in locations with similar climates but different growing seasons. Which of the following best describes the settlement patterns shown in the images? The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. what is the main difference between active transport using a carrier protein, and passive transport using facilitated diffusion? The rate of diffusion of a gas across a surface is controlled by the following: k, the gas diffusion constant; A, the area for gas exchange; P2-P1, the difference in partial pressure of gas on either side of diffusion barrier; D, the distance across which the gas must diffuse (thickness of diffusion barrier) In comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration, the solution with the higher solute concentration is hypertonic, and the solution with the lower solute concentration is hypotonic. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. The molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until the concentration becomes equal . The end result is an equal concentration, or equilibrium, of molecules on both sides of the membrane. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Watch what happens to the food coloring. Diffusion is the process of movement of molecules under a concentration gradient. This electricity can do work. Think of how delicious smells from your kitchen take longer to get into your bedroom than to your living room which is located right beside the kitchen. The gradient is steep enough that potassium ions will move out of the cell (via channels), despite a growing negative charge on the interior. Direct link to l's post Questions: Based on this information and your understanding of osmosis and tonicity, what type of IV fluid is the doctor likely administering to try to save the life of the student suffering from water intoxication? movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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