proto afro asiatic mythology

Proto-Indo-European describing its construction and revealing the people who spoke it between 5,500 and 8,000 years ago. p-Cushitic These divisions differ in both the number of languages and the degree of genetic relationship as measured in terms of common inherited vocabulary and shared grammatical features, issues considered at further length below (see also comparative linguistics; historical linguistics). If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Though estimations vary widely, it is believed by scholars to have been spoken as a single language around 12,000 to 18,000 years ago. Examples include the famous Romulus and Remus of Rome, the twins Eurysthenes and Procles of Sparta, and Hengist and Horsa of the Anglo-Saxons in Britain. Cameroon is home to at least 250 languages. Aramaic Origins and Dialects: A Model for Proto-Afroasiatic. Proto-Afro-Asiatic may refer to. 15,000 to 10,000 BCE. ; short vowel required by derived verb #399), calabash (used as container, utensil, etc. Below is a massive list of cats words - that is, words related to cats . p-Idomoid Proto-Afroasiatic is a reconstructed language. Some scholars even extend this kinship hypothesis to include the Uralic, Altaic, Kartvelian, and Dravidian language groups. Proper noun . p-Ring (For those unaware, Hebrew is a Canaanite language, which is a Semitic language, which is an Afroasiatic languageor, at least, thats what Wikipedia tells me). ), (Sem., Eg. There is a sizeable pantheon that developed in the fertile crescent and a lot of stories involving them. Western Chadic *twan- is used for 'to say' and 'to answer'. It is well-known today that many peoples trace their origin back to a group of people known as the Proto-Indo-Europeans, who probably lived c. 4000 BCE. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The chief god has been reconstructed as Dyeus Pater (forgive my lack of IPA). A myth of divine twins who are children of the sun god goes back to Proto-Indo-European antiquity. However, none of the existing proposals concerning the relationship of divisions within the phylum can be considered final. The ProtoAfroasiatic language is the reconstructed proto-language from which all modern Afroasiatic languages are descended. This is maybe why there are multiple layers of gods and figures in mythology, the newer cultures tended to push the older deities back and out of the central culture. Proto-Afroasiatic language. Nara 'to come so close as to brush against'), (Eg., Sem. Roger D. Woodard. [1], The consonants of Proto-Afroasiatic, as given by Bomhard (2008):[2]. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Though estimations vary widely, it is believed by scholars to have been spoken as a single language around 12,000 to 18,000 years ago. Homeland (Since Semitic is a branch of Afro-Asiatic, the question of the Proto-Afro-Asiatic homeland is a related debate) The Semitic Urheimat is suggested by some to be in the Middle East; more specifically, Kienast (2001) advocates the Arabian peninsula. Central Sudanic (p-Central Sudanicp-Sara-Bongo-BagirmiSinyarBirrip-Mangbetu) p-Jen Anaang *iw- 'cow') (Eg., Sem. p-Mumuye ; PC variant *damn-), (Ch., Eg., Sem. [9], Last edited on 16 November 2022, at 20:03, "Bomhard - A Sketch of Proto-Afrasian Phonology (2008)", "Did Proto-Afroasiatic have Marked Nominative or Nominative-Accusative Alignment? Proto-language : Proto- Afro-Asiatic : Subdivisions : Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, Egyptian, Omotic, Semitic: Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic), is a large language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. Dogon The reconstruction of Proto-Afroasiatic is problematic and remains largely lacking. More Buying Choices . As you may be aware, some Indo-European scholars have been working to reconstruct Proto-Indo-European mythology. That is practically impossible to answer. except for Semitic, which is also spoken in the Middle-East and Malta, all branches of the Afrosiatic family . Anakin Skywalker with the Padawan sidelock clearly inspired by the African Egyptian Horus sidelock symbolic of youth. by Wim van Binsbergen (Leiden/Rotterdam, the Netherlands) & Shevoroshkin 1988), and the further differentiation of the latter into, among others, proto-Indo-European, proto-Afro-Asiatic, proto-Niger-Congo, and proto-Nilo-Saharan. The earliest language reasonably confidently identified through scientific methods is probably Proto-Afro-Asiatic. , C.P. why does immortal abomination have two faces, louis vuitton happy to see you sunglasses, St Francis Medical Center Monroe, La Fax Number, 1972 Pontiac Lemans Sport Convertible Production Numbers, why do pigeons spin in circles on the ground, dave ramsey buying a house calculator near texas. The question is though, were these creations independent? Gule Hola, da clic en alguno de nuestros representantes y muy pronto te atenderemos. Among them were Abraham's Horites ancestors who descended from Kush, the grandson of the great Proto-Saharan ruler Noah. Marked nominative case marking is still found in languages of the Cushitic, Omotic and Berber branches. innovation: as synonym for #505), (vowel reconstruction uncertain: PAA *u, *ee, or *oo are also possible here; contrary to earlier views, this is surely a distinct root from #503), (Eg., Sem. Three dialects emerged (Omotic, Cushitic, and Chadic) from the main one and this left Boreafrasian, the source of Berber, Egyptian and Semitic (Dalby ,p. 6). ASIATIC FIBER CORPORATION is a company registered in Taiwan. ; *u < *i /#-p_C-#? The most successful of these were speakers of Proto-Afro-Asiatic language from the African rift valley. The Afro-Asian Roots of Star Wars. A myth of divine twins who are children of the sun god goes back to Proto-Indo-European antiquity. for expected *ii probably reflects phonetic influence of PC root in #254), (Sem., Eg. The Rockettes perform for the Rockefeller Center's Christmas Tree Lighting Ceremony on Nov. 29, 2017. There is no general consensus over the location of the Urheimat, the original homeland from which began the migrations into the present locations of the speakers.. Presumably historical threads connecting PA religion to the religions of historically documented AA speaking societies exist. The results, while confirming some previous views on proto-Afroasiatic (proto-Afrasian), revise or overturn many others, and add much that is new. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Celtic; 1899 Ireland in Pre-Celtic Times, R.A.S. p-Chadic I thought i said "Afro Asiatic", not PROTO-Afroasiatic. Proto-Afroasiatic, sometimes referred to as Proto-Afrasian, is the reconstructed proto-language from which all modern Afroasiatic languages are descended. innovation: stem + *n n. suff. Indeed, ultimate the origin of the Proto-Indo-European fater-god might lie in the Afro-Asiatic cult? Proto-Afro-Asiatic is far harder to reconstruct than most proto-languages of language families. Afro-Asiatic languages are characterized by a root and pattern system in which the basic meaning of a word is manifested in the consonants alone. The Afro Asiatic form is limited to Semitic and Chadic. Highland Park Pavilion Rental, The Afro Asiatic form is limited to Semitic and Chadic. Kindle Edition. The Afro-Asiatic language family is a joke. Can it be safely assumed that both Ancient Semitic culture/religion/mythology and Ancient Egyptian culture/religion/mythology originated from/developed out of the same religion or do they have different origins? ">. The Proto-Afro-Asiatic homeland have been located in Northern and North-Eastern Africa (in relation to the Saharan Paradise), probably included the south of the Arabian Peninsula because of 1) the greater diversity of languages with more distant relationships to each other in Africa,1 2) proto-Afro-Asiatic words for marsh and river territory2 . But in the tale of early Greek mythology it has a very different meaning: a state of utter confusion or disorder; History, Hourly. Palm Angels Bear T Shirt Green, Although the mythological motifs are not directly attested since Proto-Indo-European speakers lived in preliterate societies scholars of comparative mythology have reconstructed details from inherited similarities found among Indo-European languages, based on the assumption that parts of the Proto-Indo-Europeans' original belief systems survived in the daughter traditions. No. Buy Now . INTRODUCTION. Another manifestation of the binary conception of society and the world is the cult of twins widespread in Indo-European mythology. *t: associative noun suffix: 4. Once thought to be a branch of Nostratic, Proto Afro-Asiatic is now recognized as being a primary branch of Proto-Borean, the other branches being Nostratic, Dene-Daic, and Proto-Amerind. If so, semantics are unclear), (pl. innovation: shift to outflow of water, not from body; root *-sa- seen in #540 + *t dur. Please keep posts focused on the ***languages*** of the Semitic family. We can reconstruct PIE religion because its from the Bronze Age and we've pinpointed the original PIE speakers to a specific culture, we haven't done that with Proto-Afro-Asiatic. Kadu Speech as calling in Afro-Asiatic languages Proto-Afro-Asiatic *tVn- has the meanings 'to call' and' to speak'. Certain similarities to Indo-European languages have prompted scholars to look for a special relationship between Afro-Asiatic and Indo-European. Yendang Slife-broadening-Afro-Asiatic/Proto Berber Sinnach-fox-Berber Smacht-rule,control-origin unkown Gaelic tapaidh - quick, related to Egyptian n htp (quick) and Armenian shtap. Proto-Afroasiatic language. *t: associative noun suffix: 4. About 495 million people speak an Afroasiatic language . What is a word for the arcane equivalent of a monastery? Are there any reconstructions of possible early religions like Proto-Indo-European mythology for other cultures? Tiefo Reconstructing Proto-Afro has been added to your Cart . ), to become thoroughly wet, pour heavily (intr. A quick summary taken from Wikipedia: Proto-Indo-European mythology is the body of myths and deities associated with the Proto-Indo-Europeans, the hypothetical speakers of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language. *w: deverbative complement and result suffix: 2. For example, the Proto-Afro-Asiatic synonym for bird has 52 synonyms this is far too many for a single term and illustrates how the researchers just correlated a number of languages to produce a proto-form. By the time the first AA culture first came to dominate any region (Egypt or Assyria), PIE had already significantly dispersed. p-Grassfields New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. I am generally aware of the scholarly work comparing ancient Israelite religion to Canaanite religion, and Ive read quite a bit of Mark S. Smith. The common ancestral dialect cluster from which all modern and extinct Afro-Asiatic languages are assumed to have originated is referred to as Proto-Afro-Asiatic. If we go by the current Afroasiatic people, their physical type may range from European-like feature to the West African type, and the color of their skin from dark/black to white as in European. Some Afro-Asiatic languages are known only from documents written as long as 5,000 years ago; examples include Akkadian and Eblaite. Do I need a thermal expansion tank if I already have a pressure tank? Neither is there general agreement as to the subdivisions within the six major divisions. infix), fruit, seeds, foliage, plant growth in general, (Ch., Sem. Three dialects emerged (Omotic, Cushitic, and Chadic) from the main one and this left Boreafrasian, the source of Berber, Egyptian and Semitic (Dalby ,p. 6). (442) 671 4209 | (442) 229 07 26 contacto@smartphonecenter.com.mx. below. *t: associative noun suffix: 4. Reconstructions of Afro-Asian solidarity are indeed a strategic response to the sense of growing Asian American conservatism since the 1970s, whose conditions Glenn Omatsu has eloquently described. Are there any common concepts in Egypt and Norse mythology / civilization? p-Koman 2004 Afro-Asiatic and Semitic Languages. Thanks for contributing an answer to Mythology & Folklore Stack Exchange! p-Manjaku Walter de Gruyter, 1995. shared innovation: *isin-/*usun- 'they' (originally fem./masc. og - cave, Welsh ogof - cave, Proto Afro Asiatic *wVgVr-, Indo European * wH- mainly West . The intermediate of this continuum may be found among the Ethiopians both in terms of physical characteristics and skin color. Although the mythological motifs are not directly attested, since Proto-Indo-European-speakers lived In pre-literate societies, they have b Call Of Cthulhu How Many Chapters, The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List Hayward (2000:85) Lamberti (1991), Zaborksi (1986) I. M. Diakonoff (1998) Journal of Semitic Studies 43:209: "It is quite evident that cultural ties between Proto-Semitic and the African branches of the Afrasian macrofamily must have been severed at a very early date indeed. p-Ron Perhaps you thinking of Gimbutas' theory of pre-IE European culture. Kindle Edition. innovation: 'lift' > 'carry', (Eg., Sem., Cush, shared innovations: *su, *usu 'he'; *si, *isi 'she': see Chap. Corporate author : International Scientific Committee for the drafting of a General History of Africa Person as author : Ki-Zerbo, Joseph [editor] Relations between Indoeuropean and Semitic languageshave oftenbeen maintained. International Conference on Comparative Mythology 1 Further steps towards an aggregative diachronic approach to world mythology starting from the African continent proto-Afro-Asiatic, proto-Niger-Congo, and proto-Nilo-Saharan. The Horites were a caste of ruler-priests who were devotees of Hor/Horus. Scholars in the former Soviet Union prefer to call these languages Afrasian. The name Hamito-Semitic (or Semito-Hamitic), although occasionally still used, is largely considered obsolete; many scholars reject it because it is linguistically wrongthere is no linguistic entity Hamitic to be contrasted, as a whole, to Semitic. Other designations, such as Erythraean and Lisramic, have gained little acceptance. The cult of a mother goddess may have been very widely spread. ), #209 + Afroasiatic pl. Greek Mythology: A Concise Guide to Ancient Gods, Heroes, Beliefs and Myths of Greek Mythology (Greek Mythology Norse Mythology Egyptian Mythology Celtic Mythology Book 1) (p. 13). *y: adjective suffix: 3. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages, edited by Roger D. Woodard. The Afro-Asiatic language family is a joke. If the PAA urheimat was known maybe it could be identified with some kno. !Kung, Bangime 2023 LoveToKnow Media. 80. Also to reinforce the fact Anakin has the West African mud cloth collar tucked in his Asian kimono inspired dress. Consider also the very wide-spread cults of a great mother goddess: those seem to be common to most of mankind, crossing the boundaries of a single linguistic family. July 12, 2017 at 12:44 am. Hadza, https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Proto-Afroasiatic_reconstructions&oldid=68902118, attributive noun and attributive deverbative suffix, attributive and complement deverbative suffix, noun derivation from verb by stem-vowel lengthening, (Sem., Eg. Proto Afro-Asiatic is much older than PIE, dating back as far as 15,000 BC. None of the Afro-Asiatic languages are spoken by the Niger-Congoid peoples, or even the Nilo-Saharans who come close to the Hamites as much as possible than any other African group. Shabo (hile much research has been accomplished with the Semitic There is no general consensus over the location of the Urheimat, the original homeland from which began the migrations into the present locations of the speakers.. It would appear the Tamana people belonged to an ancient confederation called Maa. shkmb - rock, Afro Asiatic *akam- (mountain), (Semitic and Western Chadic), with a similar root in Slavic. community avengers joke Facebook; alone season 6 did tim break his leg Twitter The doyen of Afrasian studies in the former Soviet Union, Igor Diakonoff, theorized that it arose in what is now the Sahara, from where several subsequent migrations took place after about 5000 bce, including the exit from Africa by speakers of what would become the Semitic languages. p-Jebel p-Nilo-Saharan suff. Information and translations of proto-afro-asiatic in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. ; semantics: from closed- to open-ended action), to be wrong, bad, ill; do or function wrongly, (Eg., Ch. All rights reserved. Proto-Afro-Asiatic Urheimat, theories concerning the original homeland of Afro-Asiatic. in Afro-Asiatic cultures. The top 4 are: pet, mammal, felidae and rodent.You can get the definition(s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it. South Bauchi p-Nubian (for the unwashed, like me) wikipedia The possibility of Natufians speaking proto-Afro-Asiatic, and that the language was introduced into Africa from the Levant, is approved by Colin Renfrew with caution, as a possible hypothesis for proto-Afro-Asiatic dispersal. Bendi Proto Indo European And The Proto Indo European World Oxford Linguistics Read Pdf Free . p-Jukunoid We can only guess. Afroasiatic ( Afro-Asiatic ), also called Afrasian or Hamito-Semitic [1] or Semito-Hamitic, [2] is a large language family. Proto-Afro-Asiatic is proposed to have been spoken 18,000 years ago near the Horn of Africa (eastern Africa). Proto-Afro-Asiatic is proposed to have been spoken 18,000 years ago near the Horn of Africa (eastern Africa). innovation: 'to rub' > 'to scrape'), (* and *a are reconstructed because they are required in derived root #651 below), (#649 + *r diffus. [3] There are around 300 Afroasiatic languages that are still spoken. Trubetzkoy, for example, has claimed that Indoeuropeanlanguages developed from a Semitic-similiar stage to an Uralic-similiarone. Proto Afro-Asiatic is much older than PIE, dating back as far as 15,000 BC. Kunama Much later migrations from South Arabia brought some Semitic languages into Eritrea and Ethiopia, again to be followed by the expansion of Arabic in the Islamic period. Rashad For example, the Proto-Afro-Asiatic synonym for bird has 52 synonyms this is far too many for a single term and illustrates how the researchers just correlated a number of languages to produce a proto-form. The Afro-Asiatic (Hamito-Semitic) language speakers originated from somewhere in the Middle East, possibly in southern Iraq or Iran. It only takes a minute to sign up. ), (root seen also in #984 + *n non-fin. into stem), to take (bit of food or drink) into the mouth, (* is required by derived noun, root #641 following), (Eg., Sem. File; File history; File usage on Commons; File usage on other wikis p-Akokoid I think it's more likely that both IE and AA adopted their father gods from Sumerian culture if anything. Are/were there are any culutures where darkness is good and light is bad? Temein Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The central motif involves two twins born of the sky deity (or sun), with some customary attributes such as being horsemen or riding horse-drawn chariots. International Conference on Comparative Mythology 1 Further steps towards an aggregative diachronic approach to world mythology starting from the African continent proto-Afro-Asiatic, proto-Niger-Congo, and proto-Nilo-Saharan. Relations between Indoeuropean and Semitic languageshave oftenbeen maintained. MacAllister; 1921 Thomas ORahilly; Early Irish History and Mythology; 1946 F.T. Afro Asiatic *umal-, Irish smuilgeadn - collar bone, smuais - marrow. As many ancient Afro-Asiatic peoples used base 6 in counting and as the basis for their calendars, the number six is a significant indicator of related languages. Is it a bug? There are many great morphological similarities between the Afro-Asiatic languages. A Description of the Afro-Asiatic (Hamito-Semitic) Language Family. Is there anything like this going on for the Afroasiatic languages/peoples? It also fully incorporates the most up-to-date evidence from the distinctive African branches of the family, Cushitic, Chadic, and Omotic. innovation: narrowing of meaning to loud kinds of response), (2nd shape: stem + *r n. Omissions? Translations . The following list of Proto-Afroasiatic reconstructions is from Ehret (1995). THE AFROASIATIC LANGUAGES. innovation: generalization of pl. p-Ukaan fort. Proposed proto Semitic 5 (=phans)is connected to proposed proto indo-european pans=5. Are there any points of mythology/religion that all Native Americans have in common? Recovering from a blunder I made while emailing a professor. I learned about this lecture just a few moments ago and I will certainly be attending! suff. In contrast to the Indo-European Language Family, about which much research has been done over the past two centuries, relatively little is known about the former Hamito-Semitic Language Family, now known as the Afro-Asiatic Family. @Cerberus: The PIE culture and its derivatives were highly patriarchal. Bomhard (2008)[2] lists ten vowels for the language: /i/, /i/, /e/, /e/, /a/, /a/, /o/, /o/, /u/, /u/. However, this answer can be improved by elaborating on the similarities of the two deities, and by naming the "some historians" you are citing. innovation: added sense, 'to listen to'), (Ch., Sem., Berber innovation: specialized meaning 'tooth'; but note presence of that meaning isolated in single Omotic language), (innovation: Sem., Ch. stretching out of arms), (Sem, Eg., Ch., Cush, innovation: 'set on top of' > 'cover'), (Sem., Eg. However Martin Bernal did not consider speakers of Proto-Bantu in his analysis. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Proto-Afro-Asiatic. Proving genetic relationship: problems of internal comparison, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Afro-Asiatic-languages. We can only guess. Proto-language : Proto- Afro-Asiatic : Subdivisions : Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, Egyptian, Omotic, Semitic: Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic), is a large language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. But Im wondering about any work that goes even broader such as trying to look at Afroasiatic religion/mythology. It is not even known in which continent it was spoken. Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic). innovation: narrowing of meaning to particular kind of joining, by sewing), to split in two, split one from the other, (proposed source: #502, with regular PAA * > PBA *n; Eg., Berber, Sem. 6), (Eg., Sem., Cush. in *n, as also in #323), (possible V reconstructions: *a, *aa, *e, or *o), (Sem., Eg., Ch. The most successful of these were speakers of Proto-Afro-Asiatic language from the African rift valley. The cult of a mother goddess may have been very widely spread. MP3 Music. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Though estimations vary widely, it is believed by scholars to have been spoken as a single language around 12,000 to 18,000 years ago (12 to 18 kya), that is, between 16,000 and 10,000 BC. as denom. por | Jun 9, 2022 | nicholas lloyd webber | hnd counselling scotland. Speakers of Afro-Asiatic languages were among the first in human history to develop writing systems. Proper noun . ), (Eg., Sem. p-Benue-Congo ; possible n. derivation < v. in #1004). School of Social Welfare'. However, the common ancestor of these languages, if there was one, existed so long ago that it is almost impossible to apply sound comparative methods to modern languages in order to test this hypothesis. Members of the Maa or Fish Confederation include the Magyar, Egyptians, Elamites, Manding, Afro-Asiatic speakers and the Dravidians. Corrections? None of the Afro-Asiatic languages are spoken by the Niger-Congoid peoples, or even the Nilo-Saharans who come close to the Hamites as much as possible than any other African group. innovation: meaning shift, from avoiding per se to feeling a need or reason to avoid), to wear out, be used up, cease to function, (Eg., Cush., Ch. p-Gbaya It rigorously applies, throughout, the established canon and techniques of the historical-comparative method. *y: attributive noun and attributive deverbative suffix: 2a. p-Lakka ), (root *-sa-, seen also in #539 preceding, + *w inchoative), (2nd root shape *-caab- seen in PEC v. and Banna (SOm) 'white,' is not as yet satisfactorily accounted for), indefinite pronoun stem (one, someone, somebody), (stem + * iter. Related research topic ideas. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). There's a lot of chronological overlap between the Iberomaurasians and Proto-Afroasiatic. Afro Asiatic *umal-, Irish smuilgeadn - collar bone, smuais - marrow. p-Daju Reconstructions of Afro-Asian solidarity are indeed a strategic response to the sense of growing Asian American conservatism since the 1970s, whose conditions Glenn Omatsu has eloquently described. The religion of Sumer was a Semitic religion related to Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Assyrian mythology and the other Afro-Asiatic religions whereas Germanic heathenism and Hinduism have a common origin in Proto-Indo-European with the nexus being in what is now Iran. That indeed the kind of father-god I had in mind; it is more widespread than Proto-Indo-European, e.g. 'be, exist'), (root seen also in #983 + probably *s caus. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Sbado: 10:00 am 3:00 pm. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. 425 N Sam Houston Pkwy E, Houston, Tx 77060, List . *t: There is no general consensus over the location of the Urheimat, the original homeland from which began the migrations into the present locations of the speakers. p-Yoruboid It's popularity in very geographically diverse Indo-European cultures allows scholars to securely reconstruct it as a common Proto-Indo-European heritage. I am aware of some weak but well-substantiated connections, such as the fact that the Norse sir and the Hindu Asuras were probably the same group of beings at one point. Numbers of speakers per language range from about 150 million, as in the case of Arabic, to only a few hundred, as in the case of some Cushitic and Chadic languages. suff. Updates? Proto-Afro-Asiatic is of great antiquity; experts tend to place it in the Mesolithic Period at about 15,000-10,000 bce. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Proto-Afro-Asiatic language, the reconstructed common ancestor of the Afro-Asiatic languages. The Iberomaurasian culture was between 22000 B. C. and 11000 B. C. Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken between 20000 B. C. and 11000 B. C. Regardless, I said that the North African DNA in the Natufians was "Iberomaurasian-like", not exactly Iberomaurasian. About an argument in Famine, Affluence and Morality. Afro-Asiatic languages, also called Afrasian languages, formerly Hamito-Semitic, Semito-Hamitic, or Erythraean languages, languages of common origin found in the northern part of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and some islands and adjacent areas in Western Asia. There is no language called "Afro Asiatic," hence why I thought you were using it as a short hand for proto-AA. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law?

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