Evelyne got quiet, and Josef could hear the woman desperately rattling the stall doors, looking for a toilet. It was big and heavy to begin with, and they had packed it with the gas cans, plastic soda bottles filled with fresh water, condensed milk, cheese and bread, and medicine. Invisibility serves as a type of protection for Mahmoud; as he puts it, being invisible is how he lives. Getting spotted by the Syrian army or the rebels battling them [is] only courting danger, Mahmoud says. It was getting there that was the hard part. No, wait for me! Isabel yelled, spitting seawater. Both sides oppose ISIL, the combination of ISIS and al-Quaeda, and the Kurds, supported predominantly by the USA, are fighting ISIL as well but support neither Al-Assad or the rebels.) Well, Fidel is thickheaded, Luis said. Until now. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. In the year 1938, Josef Landauis a twelve-year-old Jewish child living in Berlin, Germany. Well let you in maana. The rioters and police traded rocks and bullets, and a man with a bloody head staggered past Isabel. Isabel hefted the boat to get a better grip and tried to pick up her pace. He had to do something. Refine any search. Its tummy purred like an outboard motor, and it butted its head against Isabels hand in between bites. His two siblings, Waleed who is is ten . Josef had seen it happen. The fisherman had to take it in trade. A social worker approaches Mahmouds family and asks if they are seeking asylum in Germany (Germany accepted 124,845 Syrian refugees in 2017 and the EU as a whole accepted 538,000 total refugees). Hey, Isabel! Ivn said, making her jump. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the . Ivn thought he was being sneaky, but Isabel knew exactly what he and his father were building in their shed, and it wasnt a doghouse. She wont take up any room!, Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Shes a baby. Mahmoud finally sees the power of visibility when he decides to walk out of the Hungarian detention center and lead the other refugees on a 12-hour march to Austria. If Castro was letting anyone leave, her father would be gone before the sun rose the next day. Mahmoud and Waleed turned down a different rubble-strewn alley than the day before and stopped dead. The Free Syria Army and al-Qaeda are fighting there now. The door next to Mahmoud opened, and one of the soldiers nudged him up from the floor and into the back with Waleed. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." A pistol rang out again over the waves, and the crowd on the beach cried out in panic. A hat to shield his face from the sun. He sifted through it, hopingyes! Oh, thank God youre alive! their mom said. He and Isabel had been friends as long as she could remember. Renata and Evelyne jumped out from behind a lifeboat and grabbed Josef by the hand. Enough to arrest her family for trying to leave Cuba. She needs a name, Ivn said. His teacher, Herr Meier, had called him to the front of the room. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. I cant fall out of the boat, because I have already fallen for this princess of the sea! he said. Josefs mother led him and his sister through the crowds to the Hamburg docks, where their ship waited for them. The reaction in Munich is the same as it is in Austria. Theyre coming for me! Papi cried. Mahmoud stared straight ahead at his fathers back instead. They pluck Mahmoud and, Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece 2015, 12 days from home (3). After what seemed like an eternity of looking over their papers, the border guard finally stapled temporary visas onto their passports and let them through. A jagged line of real bullet holes bisected Assads face. Rafts made of inner tubes tied together. Everything they owned was in these two backpacks. My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last. Castros face was everywhere in Cubaon billboards, on taxis, in picture frames on schoolroom walls, painted on the sides of buildings. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. 2011 (14) IWB are their Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims? He put his hands over his heart. She ran home again. His heart was pounding so hard he thought it would burst right out of his chest, but Mahmoud found the courage to grab Waleed by the arm, drag him over the seat, and dive headfirst out the door. Refugee by Alan Gratz (18) Isabel had to stop and think about that. A recent tally has placed the reported death toll for this journey across the Mediterranean at above 15,000 since only 2014,and the actual number is likely much higher). If you stood the ship on end, it would have been taller than any building in Berlin. A year after that, Khalid had died in an airstrike anyway. More than half their village was on the sand, clapping, waving, and cheering on the boats. The car skids to a stop, and Youssef, Fatima (with, Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days from home (1), Mahmoud tells the man that the family has nowhere to go, and that his sister, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (1), He then hears Fatima scream out, and watches as she struggles to lift a crying, for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. When another raft made out of an old refrigerator sank, everyone laughed. Come stand guard for us! Renata cried. I cant reach your father, Mahmouds mother said, thumbing her phone. And a place where her father wouldnt be beaten or arrested. There werent any left. And dont ever do that again, the Hitler Youth told Josef. Josef felt his skin tingle. From there, they could choose to return to Cubaand Castroor languish in a refugee camp while the United States decided what to do with them. There was a shattering sound in the next roomcrisssh! tatatat!and bullets pinged into the car. Asked by Potterbotter. Klaus had joined the Hitler Youth not because he wanted to, but because German boysand their familieswere shamed and mistreated if they didnt. A wife! Do you understand? I Yes, Josef stammered. The blood drained from Josefs face. He put a hand to the motorcycle motor theyd mounted inside the boat. She listened now, intently, trying to hear the heartbeat of Cuba in her own music. She wont take up any room!, I dont remember much about him, but I do remember he always wanted to be a grown-up. It was a policewoman. Activities at StoryboardThat include Refugee book summary, themes, & more. Josef, his mother, and Ruthie stopped short just inside the first-class social hall. The way the content is organized, One of the three protagonists of the book, alongside. We have to go. Not without Josefs father. A new life. The Hitler Youth led Josef down the narrow corridor of the German passenger car. All four of them burst out laughing, and Josef and Renata pulled the two younger children away before they could be caught. Josef! We have to get on board before they stop us. But I have tickets, Mama said. People rushed out of the side streets. Josef looked deep into Officer Padrons eyes, searching for some sign of help, some hint of sympathy. What if he had changed his mind? Chi-CHAK! And food ration booklets were pretty worthless anywaythere wasnt enough food to go around, whether you had a booklet or not. His novel weaves together the stories of three children: A Jewish boy whose family tried to escape Nazi Germany on a ship called the St. Louis in the 1940's; a Cuban girl who flees Havana on a raft. The family drives away, but soon run into some rebel soldiers. Ive got a route for us, Mom said. The smuggler had just told them their boat wasnt leaving tonight. I want to watch American television, Ivn said. When his father is released six months later, Josef, his mother Rachel, his sister Ruthie, and his father, now traumatized by his experiences at Dachau, all board the MS St. Louis, which is set to take them to Cuba. But right then, Khalid had been curled into a ball on the ground, his hands around his head while the older boys kicked him. A building shuddered and collapsed, smoke and debris avalanching out into the street. The MS St. Louis. Josef could barely walk. Everybody stay calm, Dad said, slowing the car down, and let me do all the talking. One of the soldiers stood in front of the car, his rifle aimed loosely at the windshield, while the others walked around the sides, peering in through the windows. The air seemed to crackle around them like static from a radio. They had all walked too far and seen too much. Everyone was afraid of what he would do if the Arab Spring swept through Syria. Isabel fell into the water and swam the rest of the way to the boat, but her father was already climbing over the side. My father was almost arrested, Isabel said. mother and brother and sister walked on. Where did Mahmoud and his family live for 4 weeks? (This displacement has been decided upon or forced for 55% of Syrians since the start of the war in 2011. The buildings been hit! Mahmoud said. Ridiculous! LitCharts | Summary & Analysis All 1600 LitChart PDFs are available for immediate download (including Refugee). Someone was in the house! Mahmouds stomach twisted into knots just thinking about it. Fatima! Nothing else mattered in that moment but air. Not that Waleed smiled much anymore. Clothes, food, sports, movies, travel, school, opportunity. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Two more of the men jerked Josef away and held him as he fought against them. How long will it take to get to Florida? she asked. Didnt Castro say it was all right to leave? She recognized the new policeman. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Isabel thrust her trumpet into his arms. But by then it will be too late. Mahmoud remembered the horror hed felt when his apartment building collapsed and hed thought his mom was still inside. More bullets whizzed by overhead, and soon the rebel soldiers whod been riding with them were returning fire, their automatic rifles booming in Mahmouds ears like he was in a barrel and they were beating on the outside of it with hammers. Ahead of them stretched a small city of white canvas tents, their pointed tops staggered like whitecaps on a choppy sea. Along with Josef and Mahmoud, he is one of the books three protagonists. He found his mother in the crowd. The shabby man who had lurched from the shadows like an escapee from a mental asylum was Josefs father, Aaron Landau. Josef didnt want to leave. Josef! Mahmoud Bishara is a 12 year old boy who lived in Aleppo, Syria in 2015. Everyone got quiet as Lito turned up the volume. Were you able to get the cash weve put away? Mahmouds mother nodded, but she was clearly still worried. Which country are Mahmoud and his family in at the end of the chapter? Mama just shook her head, her eyes full of worry. But he knew better. There were butterflies in his stomach as he got up in front of such a large audience, and his voice broke as he stumbled through the Hebrew words, but he did it. Then, any left. Grabbed for him. . A man in Damascus, the capital of Syria, was imprisoned for speaking out against Assad. They couldnt afford their old place, not since the Nazis told Josefs father he wasnt allowed to practice law anymore because he was Jewish. These boys had just wanted to beat someone up. Gratz highlights parallels between Mahmouds, Isabels, and Josefs stories: all three are locked in oppressive and dangerous situations. Mahmoud? Wearing that uniform turned boys into monsters. The family takes another taxi to try to reach Hungary. We werent together when it started, her grandfather said. (including. And there were so many boats. Getting noticed by the Syrian army or the rebels fighting them, he knows, is "just inviting trouble." When the bell rings in school, Mahmoud finds his 10-year-old brother Waleed to walk him home. Soon the whole boat was singing, and Lito stood and held out a hand to Amara, inviting her to dance. He blinked, still dazed, and then he understood. Youve put us all in danger! Seor Castillo batted Geraldo Fernandezs arms away. Refugee book Mahmoud Bishara character drowning baby saving a life concepts 02 Share "Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. Lito was her mothers father, and he and Papi had never gotten along. Back in Syria, it was a tradition to be escorted to your wedding by a parade of cars, to help carry you into your new life. Newspapers Review: Dailies highlight PM's meeting with Israelis, Abbas speech. The trick was to be invisible. The Brownshirt whod taken his father away on Kristallnacht had said, Well come for you soon enough, but Josef hadnt waited. He then hears, cry out for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. This isnt funny. Luis didnt have time to answer. Forever. But then there his dad was, running down the street toward them, and Mahmoud felt like he could fly. It fluttered to the floor, the Star of David landing face up for all the world to see. With his fathers mental health deteriorating quicker, Josef threatens him to ensure that he can pass the medical inspection to get into Cuba, reversing their roles as father and son. He was stocky, his shoulders wide and muscular despite the food shortages. Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. To safety. Six of the best book quotes from Mahmoud Bishara, Please! Mahmoud cried. Youssef Mahmouds mom warned. Not until we reach Cuba. I dont want to go to Cuba, Ruth whined as the train got under way. Quickly. Mahmouds mother pulled the end of the scarf up over her face so that only her eyes were showing. She tells Mahmoud that they will find, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Mahmouds head was hot and wet. Back to their deaths. A black shoe covered the armband before Josef could grab it. Im just trying to get my family to safety, Dad told the men. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Our father is waiting for us in Cuba, Renata told them. Isabel caught up with her father and grandfather, then parted ways with them on the Malecn, the broad road that curved along the seawall on Havana Harbor. Mahmouds father gives the man what he asked for and hurries the family away. Here, Mahmoud emphasizes that being invisible serves as a form of protection for him: the less he is noticed, the less likely it is for him to be attacked. The soldiers in the backseat kicked open the door on the left side of the car and spilled outside. A table at the front held a Torah scroll. Josef stood and stared. At the end of the book, Isabel is able to reconnect with her heritage when her great uncle Guillermo gives her a new trumpet, and Isabel is able to count clave. Left with no other choice, the family embarks and rides through the pouring rain headed for Greece. He bowed and praised Allah again three times, stood and praised Allah again, then got down on his hands and knees and put his head to the floor, praising Allah three times more. He smiled sadly and punched their tickets. Down with Fidel! Papi! Isabel cried. There were no trees, no shade, no parks or football fields or rivers. Oh, and you have to take the kitten too. She held the wiggling creature out to him, but the old fisherman just stared at it. If a plane dropped a barrel Mahmoud el Wahb, writer (Turkey) Marcelle Shehwaro, New York NY (USA) . Chabela, play us a song on your trumpet. Isabels chest tightened. Mahmoud Bishara, 12, lives in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015. Mahmouds dad looked sheepish. It's Playing out in His Novels (Published 2018)", "Refugee by Alan Gratz A Timely and Important Novel", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Refugee_(Gratz_novel)&oldid=1120635547, This page was last edited on 8 November 2022, at 01:30. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. By tomorrow night, maybe. They came to a compartment with a man in the uniform of the Gestapo, the Nazis Secret State Police, and Josef stumbled. Thats what they wantedto get out of Syria using the fastest path possible. She wore a dark blue wool dress with a white sailors collar and carried her white corduroy stuffed rabbit, Bitsy, everywhere she went. Until 2011, when the Arab Spring came to Syria. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. The old taxis exhaust pipe made a sound like a gunshotPOK!and everybody ducked instinctively. It took her a moment to process it, but this was really happening. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Mahmoud's dad. They came to the door of the Jewish train car, and the Hitler Youth spun Josef around. They watched as Aaron Landau ran for the ramp, where other passengers had already queued up to hand their tickets to a smiling man in a sailors uniform. He wore a suit and tie in front of a Syrian flag, doves of peace and yellow shining light surrounding him. Weve spent too much time talking about it and not doing anything. Some of these soldiers wore camouflage pants and shirts, but others wore Adidas jerseys and leather jackets and track pants. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner! the adults answered back, as though theyd heard that one many times before too. Mahmoud's mother. That shut everybody up. Mahmoud and his family travel through Serbia and into Hungary, where they are detained at a refugee camp that is built like a prison. He leaped to his feet, grabbed the arm of one of the men carrying his father, and tried to pull him off. Mahmoud screamed again and pushed the man away as the car skidded to a stop. The ship was called the MS St. Louis. The next car was the dining car. Just then, Mahmouds father receives a text about a boat arriving. That afternoon, a group of Hitler Youth were waiting for Josef outside the school. BANG! Back when people saw them. Invisible, just as Mahmoud liked it. It was hot out by day but it got cold at night, and Mahmoud and his family had left all their extra clothes in the car in their haste to escape. Just ahead of them, two boys had another boy up against what was left of a wall, about to take the bag of bread he carried. Its fine. He hated that man. What are you playing at, letting them on board? he demanded. The bed broke into pieces. The family hikes across the border to Macedonia. Could they? At prayer time, Mahmoud, his family, and many of the other refugees stop to pray, disturbing the tourists that are traveling with them. And together well find her, yes? Flying highest above them all, as if to remind everyone who was in charge, was the red-and-white Nazi flag with the black swastika in the middle. Being invisible was how he survived. Some of them wore regular clothes: white shirts with the sleeves rolled up, gray slacks, brown wool caps, leather work boots. And then, six months after hed been taken away, they got a telegram. Your name must be Summer, because youre making me sweat! The girl smiled, but Isabels mother slapped Lito on the leg. Isabels father pitched across the roiling boat and grabbed Seor Castillo by the shirt. They had gotten up early and it had been a stressful day, and soon Ruthie was asleep in Mamas lap, and Mama dozed with her. My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last. Money had been tight since their father lost his job, and she would enjoy the treat. Mahmouds ears rang with a high-pitched whine, like the TV when the satellite was searching for a signal. 'No boat today. Secondly, How long was Mahmouds journey? There are more refugees than at any time in the last 70 years. Some kids in Daraa, a city in southern Syria, were arrested and abused by the police for writing anti-Assad slogans on walls. Youre old enough to be her grandfather. Lito just took that as a challenge. We didnt ask you to come along! Its our gasoline! Isabels father yelled. Always quick to raise his hand in class, and always with the right answer. Josef and Ruth each carried a suitcase, and their mother carried two more one for herself, and one for Josefs father. Another shadow picked up Ruth by the hair and slapped her. Our home is destroyed! And then his lungs were working again, raking in great gulps. It was his whole neighborhood. She lunged for her children, but one of the Nazis grabbed her nightgown and pulled her back. She reeled in horror. Isabel knew that, because her own father had tried and had been thrown in jail for a year. Couldnt breathe! The family decides to trust it once again and the old man drives them to the dock. No ambulances came to help the wounded. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. She says that she thought, Frau Rosenburg explains that she was a refugee, too, and shows, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. The desks were wide enough for three students at each, and Mahmoud sat between two other boys named Ahmed and Nedhal. I found us a ride, but we have to leave now.. Smoke rose from behind an apartment building. Mahmoud couldnt believe it. Josef and Ruthie went over to see what they were doing. Theres no food for any of us, and no money to buy it with if there was. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. Mahmouds mother came out of the bedroom, where shed been folding clothes, and turned off the TV. Theres something theyre not telling us, the shipping company. Fidel Castro had said that anyone who wanted to leave was welcome to go, but that was hours ago. After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, is gone. Their children looked like miniature versions of them, and acted like miniature adults toothere was very little crying and whining, and none of the kids were playing. Finally, the Greek Coast Guard finds Mahmoud and his mother. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the mans fingers and hanging onto the dinghy. Not everyone did it anymore, but to Lito it was like an art form. In the Turkish refugee camp, what does Mahmoud buy his brother? Papi! After the June 2005 election of hard-liner Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as Iran's president, however, the situation deteriorated. One issue she experiences, however, is that she is unable to count a Cuban rhythm called clave, which she thinks is supposed to come naturally to Cubans. Isabel opened her eyes and lowered the trumpet from her lips. Josefs breath caught in his throat and Ruthie cried out and buried her face in Josefs stomach as their papa pulled the two of them into a hug. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. At the front of the ship are Youssef and Waleed. thinks that he will never forget the fear of being so powerless in that moment. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The steward couldnt see because of the big platter he held, and as he fumbled with the knob he lost his hold on the tray and the whole thing came crashing down with a great clatter. We didnt ask for civil war! The refugee mahmoud summary is a blog post that talks about how Mahmoud, an Iraqi refugee, traveled from Iraq to Germany. It had made his little brother a robot. She wont take up any room!. Im sorry. But when the building the Bishara's live in is hit and destroyed by a missile attack, the family knows it is time to leave Syria with its violent civil war behind and . Mahmoud then makes a quick decision, asking them to take, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (2), Fatima continues to sob at having given away, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (3), and Waleed. For John Gratz All right, then. Everything else had to be left behind. Mahmoud and Waleed could disappear among the heaps of twisted metal and broken cement, and there were no walls to fall on them if an artillery shell went whizzing overhead.
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